Brooder.



Nu. 690,885. Patented Jan. 7, |902. J. M. SDNTAG.

BBUUDEH.

(Application med Nov. 19, 1900.)

(No Model.)

T34: mams PETERS co., Pucnouruo.. wmusromn. c.

IINTTnn TaTss FaTnNT Ormes.

JOHN M. SONTAG, OF ST. CHARLES, ILLINOIS.

BROODER.

SPECIFICATION forming part ot Letters Patent No. 690,885, dated January7, 1902.

l Application tiled November 19,1900. Serial No. 36,952. (No model.)

T0 CLZZ when@ t may concern:

Beit known that I, JOHN M. SONTAG, a citi- Zen of the United States,residing at St. Charles, in the county of Kane and State of Illinois,have invented a new and useful method and system of arranging andheating brooders and broeder systems for raising poultry, water-fowl,and other fowls, said brooder systems consisting of one or more brooderslocated inside or outside ot' a brooderhouse or other building for thepurpose of housing said brooders, of which the following is aspecification.

The invention relates to improvements in brooders for raising poultry,water-fowl, and the like.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction ofbrooders and to provide a simple, inexpensive, and efficient one adaptedto supply warm moist air and to afford perfect ventilation and capableof preventing young chickens and the like from being injured by beingcrowded into angles or corners.

The invention consists in the construction and novel combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, and pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a brooder constructedin accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 isa horizontal sectional viewof the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view.

Like numerals of reference designate corre'spondingparts in all thefigures of the drawings.

1 designates an approximately rectangular casing having a hingedtop 2,adapted to be raised, as indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, to aordaccess to theiuterior of the brooder, and the said casing is provided atits bottom with an opening 3. Beneath the opening of the casing isarranged a lamp or burner 4, which is supplied with oil or other liquidby a tube 5, extending from a reservoir 6. The brooders in practice aredesigned to be arranged in a series, and the tube 5 extends the entirelength of the same, the reservoir being located at one end of the tube.One or more of the burners may be lighted, and the temperature of thebrooders composing the series may be varied to adapt the same to thesize and other conditions of the chickens.

The bottom of the casing is protected by a sheet 7, of' asbestos orother suitable material, and the heat and other products of combustionpass upward through the central passage 8, formed by an annularreservoir 9, composed of inner and outer vertical cylindrical concentricwalls, a connecting bottom, and a top 10. The inner vertical wall 1lterminates short of the top 10 to provide .a space for the passage of agreater portion of the products of combustion which flow outward overthe water contained within the reservoir. The upward passage of the hotair through the reservoir causes a draft, and the air as it is carriedupward is heated and becomes moist in passing over the Water, and acertain amount of carbonio-acid gas is absorbed by the same. The outerwall of the central reservoir is provided at its top with apertures 12,covered with wire gauze or other suitable material to prevent smoke andsoot from passing through them, and a vertical pipe or Hue 13 extendsupward from the center of the top of the reservoir to carry od theVsurplus heat.

The warm moist air escapes into a central circular compartment 14,formed by a disk or plate 15 and depending strips 16, of fabric or othersuitable material which is adapted to partially confine and prevent atoo-rapid escape of heat. The disk or plate which forms the top of thecentral compartment is spaced from and supported by the top of thecentral reservoir. The intervening space 17 between the disk or plate 15and the top of the central reservoir permits the escape of the hot air,and the said plate 15 is provided with a central opening 18 for thispurpose. The disk or plate is preferably spaced from the reservoir by apair of bars 19, di-shaped in cross-section; but any other suitablemeans may be employed for this purpose.

rlhe central compartment is arranged with in an annular chamber 20,formed by an ap proximately cylindrical wall 21 and a fabric covering ortop 22, having a central opening 23 for the escape of hot air. The lid 2is also provided with a central opening, and the vertical tube or lineextends through the central opening of the plate or disk 15, the fabrictop IOO 22, and the lid 2. The cylindrical Wall avoids corners andangles and effectually prevents the brood from crowding into a cornerand smothering or otherwise injuring some of the chickens. The casing isprovided with an opening or door 24, leading to an inclosure 25, whichmay be covered or otherwise and which is designed for the purpose ofpermitting the brood to expose themselves to a greater or less extent tothe outside atmosphere. The casing is provided above the cloth cover ordiaphragm 22 with ventilator-openings 26, which are covered withWire-gauze or other suitable material to prevent sudden drafts and tokeep out rats and other animals. The front and back of the casing isalso provided with suitable windows 27 to afford light to the interior.

A shield 28 is arranged at the opening 24 to prevent wind or drafts fromentering the brooder, and it consists of a Vertical wall and ahorizontal top extending from the vertical wall to the adjacent wall ofthe casing.

The annular reservoir 9 is provided with a deiector-shield 29,consisting of a disk or plate supported upon and spaced from the innerwall l1, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. This disk or plate is interposedbetween the top 0f the inner Wall ll and the lower end of the pipe orflue 13, and it causes the heat and other products of combustion to flowoutward and pass over the surface of the water of the reservoir.

What I claim isl. A brooder comprising a casing provided at its bottomwith an opening designed to be placed over a heater, the reservoirprovided with inner and outerwalls forming a central flue, the outerWall being extended above the inner wall and having apertures, saidreservoir being also provided with a top resting upon the upper edges ofthe outer wall and spaced from the inner wall, and a pipe or flue connected to and extending upward from the top of the reservoir,substantially as described.

2. A brooder comprising a casing provided at its bottom with an openingdesigned to be placed over a heater, the reservoir provided with innerand outerwalls forming a central flue, the outer Wall being extendedabove the inner wall and having apertures, said reservoir being alsoprovided with a top resting upon the upper edges of the outer wall andspaced from the inner wall, a pipe or Hue connected to and extendingupward from the top of the reservoir, and the shield 29 supported by andspaced from the upper edges of the inner wall and interposed between thesame and the pipe or iiue, substantially as described.

3. A brooder comprising a casing provided at its bottom with an openingdesigned to be placed over a heater, the reservoir provided withinnerand outer walls forming a central flue, the outer wall beingextended above the inner wall and having apertures, 'said reservoirbeing also provided with a top resting upon the upper edges of the outerwall and spaced from the inner wall, a pipe or Hue connected to andextending upward from the top of the reservoir, the shield 29 interposedbetween the inner wall and the pipe or flue and spaced from the formerand from the top of the reservoir, the cylindrical wall arranged Withinthe casing, and the fabric covering or diaphragm having a centralopening to receive the pipe or flue and spaced from the reservoir,substantially as described.

` In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN M. SONTAG.

Witnesses:

M. G. ALvERsoN, FRANK RoosEwELL.

